NITI Aayog Explained

What is NITI Aayog?

National institute for transforming India (NITI) has been established be the government of India as a replacement for the planning commission. It is being formed on the basis of extensive consultation across the stake holders viz state governments, relevant institution, experts and the people at Large. NITI has not come into existence all of a sudden. The document of the 8th five year plan,The standing committee on finance on finance in it's report on demand for grants (2011-12) and the former prime Minister and noted economist Dr. Manmohan Singh accepted in his farewell address to the planning commission in 2014 have sought appropriate changes in the planning commission. NITI Aayog came into existence from 1st January 2015 under BJP governance.

Nature of NITI Aayog

1. The planning commission era witnessed centre-to-state on way flow of policy. NITI seeks genuine and continuing partnership of centre and Indian state's.

2. It will emerge as a "Think-tank" to provide strategical and technical advice to the central and state governments.

3. It ensures that all sections of society would benefit adequately from economic processes.

4. It will create knowledge, Innovation and entrepreneurial support through collaboration.

Organisational structure of NITI

It is an organization, a network of expertise focusing on functionality, flexibility and domain knowledge.

•Its organization consists of :

    

    1.Chairperson: Prime Minister

    2. Vice-chairpersons : To be appointed by          the prime Minister. etc.

NITI Aayog works in close co-operation, consultation and coordination with the state governments and Central ministers.

Functions of NITI Aayog

1. "National agenda" is provided to the prime Minister and chief ministers for development along with priorities and strategies.

2. It introduces bottom-up model through Decentralized planning.

3. It prepares vision and scenario plans for the state's and nation.

4. It augurs an integrated and holistic approach to development.

5. It enables capacity building and technology upgradation.

6. It also resolves inter-state and inter-sectoral conflicts.

7. Finally it monitors the implementation of the policies and programmes and evaluate their impact. 

           
                                       - Srikanth Mudiraj

                       

Stock exchange explained

Introduction to Stock exchange.

Stock exchange is an organized secondary market,where the listed securities are bought and sold by investors.The holder of securities can find immediate buyer and the proposed buyer of securities can find a seller as the stock exchange helps in determining the reasonable and fair price.

This task will be held by the members of stock exchange such as commission broker,broker,jobber etc.

Definition

Economist Pyle says that "Security exchanges are market places where securities that have been listed there on may be bought and sold either for investment or speculate" 

There are mainly two stock exchanges in India they are:

1. Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE)

The Bombay Stock exchange is formerly known as "Native stock and share Brokers Association". Which was established in the year 1876.

2. National stock exchange (NSE)

The National stock exchange was Incorporated in November, 1992. It is a countrywide screen based online trading system and has international standards.

 Evolution of stock exchange

The concept of stock exchange was developed in 1850, where the companies Act was passed and enabled the issue of long-term negotiable securities.The first stock exchange was set up in 1875 as the "Native share and stock brokers association" in Bombay, which is at present known as Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE) later on, stock exchanges in Ahmedabad (1894), Calcutta (1908) and Madras(1937) came into existence. At present there are 23 Stock Exchange in India.

Now, Let's take a look at the procedure for Listing of the Securities.

A company with minimum issued capital of Rs.3 crores of which at least RS.1.8 crore(60%) is offered to the public can apply for Listing in the prescribed proforma along with the following documents:

1. Copies of memorandum of Association and Articles of Association, prospectus, Director' Report, Balance sheets and agreements with underwriters and brokers etc.

2. Particulars regarding capital structure.

3. A statement showing the distribution of shares.

4. Particulars of dividends and bonus declared and or paid during the last 10 years.

5. Particulars of shares or debentures which permission to deal is applied for.

6. Brief report on company's activities since it's incorporation.

7. Listing agreement which required initial and annual listing fee

 This is the procedure for Listing of Securities.

                                           -Srikanth Mudiraj.

Different types of cryptocurrency

Types of Cryptocurrencies explained.

As of 27 November 2017 there are over 1324 different types of Cryptocurrencies.

And they will never stop! A new type of Cryptocurrency can be created at anytime by market capitalization.

Currently the much known and popular Cryptocurrency is BITCOIN.

Let's have a quick look at some of the most important and popular Cryptocurrencies.

1.Litecoin (LTC)

Litecoin was created by an MIT graduate Charlie Lee and was launched  way back in 2011 alongside with Bitcoin and is also known as 'Silver Bitcoin'.

Currently Litecoin is controlled by an authority and it uses "scrypt" as a proof of work and can be decoded by the help of  high speed consumer grade CPUs

Litecoins market is also expanding and there are many merchants who accept Litecoin.

2.Ethereum (ETH)

Ethereum was launched in 2015 and it has no controlling agency or authority, It is also known as Decentralized software platform.

The Ethereum software enables Smart contracts and distributed application (DApps), the app can run without any downtime , fraud,control or interference from any other Third party.

Ethereum has a market capitalization of $41 billion it is second after Bitcoin.

3. Zcash (ZEC)

Zcash was launched in late 2016 and doesn't have any controlling authority. 

Zcash is way secure when compared to Bitcoin because it offers privacy and selective transparency of transactions,all the details of Sender, recipient and amount are encrypted and kept private.

Zcash uses it's own cryptographic technique called Zk-SNARK developed by it's team 

4. Dash 

Dash was launched in 2014 and developed by Evan Duffield and can be mined using a CPU or GPU.

Dash was originally known as 'Darkcoin' but in March 2015 it was renamed as DASH  which stands for Digital cash.

Dash works on a Decentralized mastercode network and some of it's features are Darksend, InstantX.

5. Ripple (XRP)

Ripple was launched in 2012 it is a real time global settlement network that offers instant and low cost international payments. It also has end-to-end  transparency.

The thing that makes Ripple different from Bitcoin is that it doesn't require any mining and reduces computing power.

Ripple currency has a market capitalization of $ 1.20 billion.

Any how Bitcoin is way more ahead then these Cryptocurrencies in terms of market capitalization and popularity.

But once Bitcoins will be over and cannot be mined anymore, people will look towards other Cryptocurrencies.

But nevertheless the popularity of Cryptocurrencies has increased just Because of BITCOIN.

                                       -Srikanth Mudiraj.

World's biggest Airport is set to open in 2019

Beijing's new airport which is under construction and will be the biggest airport in the world and the construction cost of the airport is $12.1 BILLION.

The Beijing's new airport is opening in southern Daxing district in 2019.
The airport will help fullfil the growing needs of air transport in Beijing and also improve the aviation presence of the country.
It is also estimated that about 100 million passenger will travel through the airport.

As the country is most populated in the world, there is a great need for a second big airport, it's a big relief for many people in the country.

The new Beijing airport will have Seven Runways,Five storeys and a high fast speed Bullet train station so that passenger can board a train to the airport.

The authorities are taking all the cool steps which people wanted from a long time for a airport.

The airport will be totally consumer focused,well planned and sustainable for future growth to serve the passenger the best they can get.

It is said that two of China's major airlines,China Eastern Airlines Corp and China Southern Airlines Corp will relocate and make this new airport as their new Hub, It is also said that the major traffic of the airport will be of these two airlines itself.

The airport will be of 18 square miles and 57,000 tons of steel and 56.5 million cubic feet of concrete will be used just to construct it's frame.

If things go according to the plan then the whole project will be finished by 2019 and at last we will be able to see the biggest and largest airport of the world.

                                      -Srikanth Mudiraj

         

Top 5 Richest countries in the world.

In this case America isn't in the top 5 that's a suprising fact for many out there but it is the truth, well the majority of richest countries are from Europe,Yes you read it right majority are from Europe.

Now let's get to the list.

5.Ireland
         

At number FIVE position is Ireland.
Ireland is country located in Europe with a small population of  nearly 5 million (approx) Ireland's GDP Per capita income is about $68,885, Ireland's major income is produced by Food,textile and tourism industries,any how Ireland is a beautiful country to have a vacation with your family.

4.Brunei

Wow never heard of the country right? But it is the FOURTH richest country with a GDP Per capita income of $76,551 and a very small country and it's major income is produced by Crude oil and natural gas.

3. Singapore

Singapore's per capita income has grown at a very high and at a significant rate before taking the no.3 spot Singapore was at no.8 it has increased 5 places in the list,For now Singapore has taken no.3 spot with a GDP Per capita income of $87,855.

The basis of Singapore's wealth is its financial services sector, a chemical export industry, and its liberal economic policies which plays a very significant role in it's income.

Singapore has the second busiest port in the world, exporting $414 billion of goods in 2011 alone.

2. Luxembourg

Luxembourg was at the first place for many years but now it has dropped down to 2nd place with a GDP per capita income of $105,882 

Banking in Luxembourg is the largest sector of its economy with an asset base of over $1.24 trillion alone well that's a big number.

1. Qatar

Now the countdown ends with QATAR being the world's RICHEST country with a GDP Per capita income of  $127,523.

The country is rich because of it's  relatively low population of two million results in a large GDP per capita because of which most residents of the country enjoy a very high standard of living.

The countries capital is Doha and is we'll developed and gives a tough competition to other neighboring countries like UAE.

However the country may be the fact that makes it unique is it's RICHNESS.

                                -Srikanth Mudiraj

Vikram vedha beats Baahubali 2 on IMDB 2017 top films list

You heard it right South Indian movie Vikram vedha did beat the Top grossing movie of India Baahubali 2.

South Indian movies have taken 6 spots in top IMDb films list of 2017 including Baahubali 2 and Vikram vedha,and that's not it! The Suprise factor is that the film Vikram vedha beats Baahubali 2 for NO.1 spot.

The fact that the crime thriller Vikram Vedha beat Baahubali 2 to take the top spot. R Madhavan and Vijay Sethupathi starrer is a crime thriller and was considered as the best of the genre when it released. The audience reach, however, is nowhere close to Baahubali 2 which released in multiple languages and was appreciated worldwide.

The top 10 Indian film 2017 list was released by IMDB and the first three spots are taken over by R Madhavan’s Vikram Vedha, Prabhas and Rana Daggubati starrer Baahubali 2, and Vijay Devarakonda’s Arjun Reddy. All three films were praised by the critics and also did great at the box office. Aamir Khan’s Secret Superstar and Irrfan’s Hindi Medium have made it to spot 4 and 5 respectively, it is suprising to see that not a single Bollywood movie had made it to top 3.

Rana Daggubati’s The Ghazi Attack has also made it to the list. Two films of Akshay Kumar - Toilet: Ek Prem Katha and Jolly LLB 2 - have also been rated by IMDB users and has made it to the list. The last two spots are yet again taken over by Vijay’s controversial film Mersal and Mammootty’s Malayalm film The Great Father.

None the less both Baahubali and Vikram vedha are of different categories and it is hard to judge the movies just by seeing IMDB list.

We do recommend you to see both Baahubali and Vikram vedha.

We also hope to see that next year BOLLYWOOD Movie at least make it to top 3.
                                              - Srikanth Mudiraj.

Virushka invite PM Modi on their wedding reception.

The love birds Virat and Anushka were in news  for many days about there wedding and at last they did get married in Italy,and now they have reception party and they did invite modi.

Indian cricket team captain Virat Kohli and top Bollywood actor Anushka Sharma, who recently tied the knot in Italy, visited Prime Minister Narendra Modi at NEW DELHI on Wednesday to invite him for their wedding reception on Thursday,They even gifted PM Modi something in a bag we never know what that was but we know that they invited Sir Modi to there reception.

Earlier, Prime Minister Narendra Modi was present at the reception of former India spinner Harbhajan Singh’s wedding with actor Geeta Basra in the capital NEW DELHI in November 2015.

According sources PM Modi did congratulated the newly-married couple Virat and Anushka on their wedding. Check out the best pictures from their meeting here.

Now there is a lot of Buzz around the world that whether PM Narendra Modi will attend virat and Anushkas reception or not?

We all hope that he attends the reception.

                                            -Srikanth Mudiraj

World's tallest building the Jeddah tower.(To be completed by the end of 2019).

The next wonder of construction is Jeddah Tower(kingdom tower),Much bigger than Burj khalifa.The Jeddah Tower construction started on April 1st 2013 with a preliminary cost of SR4.6 billion.
The Jeddah Tower is to rise more than a kilometre  almost 3,300 feet  above the desert, making it taller than Dubai's Burj khalifa which is 2,717 feet.

The project was delayed but it may be completed till late 2019," Prince Alwaleed bin Talal is constantly taking a look at the construction.

Alwaleed chairs the Kingdom Holding Company, whose affiliated Jeddah Economic Company is developing the spire-topped landmark.

The project contractor Saudi Binladin Group was among construction firms in the kingdom that suffered financially after a collapse in oil revenues from 2014.

Any how the construction never stopped it is delayed but the workers are working at full pace.

A comparison between Kingdom Tower and other world's tallest buildings.

The company, which has developed other prominent buildings in Saudi Arabia, was founded more than 80 years ago by the father of deceased Al-Qaeda leader Osama bin Laden.

Alwaleed first announced plans for the tower in August 2011, saying it would take 36 months to build after the start of construction.

By November 2014, a four-storey foundation was in place and Alwaleed said the building would be finished in 2018,but because of some obstacles it wasn't possible.

Saudi Prince Alwaleed bin Talal (pictured to the far left in this photo) taking a look at the construction progress.

Till the Jeddah Towers construction is finished Burj khalifa will be the tallest building after that Jeddah tower will take it's place .

                                                     -srikanth mudiraj.

Petrol,diesel under GST?

In near future you may see some serious price cut in petrol, diesel and LPG because  Union finance minister is hinting that the government can bring these products under Goods service tax (GST).

  The India's Union Finance Minister Arun jaitley on Tuesday supported the idea of bringing petroleum products such as petrol, diesel and LPG (cooking gas) under the new Goods Service tax (GST) regime and hoped that all the state's would agree to this and help Central government bring Petrol and diesel under GST.

ARUN JAITLEY also responded to opposition party question in RAJYA SABHA and said that "we are in full favour of getting petrol, diesel and LPG under Goods and service tax (GST ) we are still planning on it and trying our best"

   Former finance minister P Chidambaram also questioned in the upper house saying "Now that BJP is in power in 19 states and at the Centre so what is stopping them from bringing petro, diesel and LPG under GST? When will the GST Council look at this matter".
The questions raised by P Chidambaram are totally logical and the majority of Indians do support his point.
                               

After the questions raised by P Chidambaram   union finance minister Arun Jaitley replied, "UPA also while presenting the draft of GST had not included petroleum under GST as they knew it would have bad consequences between the states and the Centre if the petroleum brought under GST, He also added "Once majority of state's approve to this and we hope they agree, Once they agree we will bring Petrol, diesel and LPG under GST".

 Even Last week, Bihar Finance Minister Sushil Modi hinted that the GST Council is considering bringing electricity, petroleum products and 

some other items under GST in 

near future.

At last JAITLEY also said "Electricity, real estate, stamp duty and petroleum products should become part of GST.This would be our (GST Council) endeavour," he said at the annual meet of industry chamber Ficci.

We and all the INDIANS are hoping that all the state's will agree to bring Petrol,diesel and LPG under GST so that there would be some relief on these products.